Examining the Interplay of Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Clinical Indicators in Obesity, Diabetes, and Hypertension among Overweight and Obese Individuals in Douala, Cameroon

Abstract

Background: Global obesity has risen significantly since 1975, with a marked increase in Cameroon. This leads to metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to energy imbalance and other factors. Addressing MetS requires a comprehensive approach involving lifestyle changes and medical interventions. This study investigates the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) related to obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, and examines clinical parameters among overweight and obese individuals in Douala, Cameroon.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted using structured questionnaires to gather data on KAP. Clinical parameters including glycaemia, blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured. The data was analyzed to understand the correlation between KAP and clinical parameters, and the impact of socio-demographic factors and medical history.Results: The study found that despite having sufficient knowledge and a positive attitude, a significant number of individuals don’t apply preventive or management measures for obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Socio-demographic factors and medical history also influence these health indicators. Interestingly, over half of the participants had high blood pressure, while most had normal glycaemia and pulse rate. The study highlights the complex relationship between KAP and clinical parameters, stressing the need for comprehensive education and intervention. The findings suggest that improving KAP could indirectly help control clinical parameters.Conclusion: This study emphasizes the role of KAP in managing obesity-related conditions. It calls for strategies that improve these aspects and regular health monitoring. The findings can guide healthcare strategies for obesity management.