Utility of Charlson comorbidity index in sarcoidosis : a Tunisian prospective study

Abstract

<bold>Introduction:</bold> Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease that can involve multiple organs. Comorbities may affect the prognosis. The aim of this study was to examine the utility of Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) in patients with sarcoidosis . Method We enrolled, prospectively, 82 patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis in the D department of abderahmen mami hospital. Based on the CCI score, the severity of comorbidities was categorized into two groups : G1 with mild CCI scores of (1–2); and G2 with moderate to sever CCI scores (>2). We compared these two groups in terms of clinical manifestations, one-year evolution, and functional features. <bold>Results:</bold> The mean age was 52+/-11 years old. The G1 counted 69 patients. Compared with group 1, radiological stage 3 (G1 = 61% vs. G2 = 77%, p=0.001), hypercalcemia (G1 = 0% vs. G2 = 10%, p=0.013), chest pain (G2 = 54% vs. G1 = 26%, p = 0.047), ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) involvement (G1 = 0% vs. G2 = 10%, p=0.007), as well as pulmonary hypertension on echocardiography (G1 = 14% vs. G2 = 29%, p = 0.04) were associated with a severe CCI score (G2). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of desaturation on the 6-minute walk test, FVC, DLCO, or favorable clinical evolution. <bold>Conclusion:</bold> The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) can be a useful tool for assessing overall comorbidity burden and predicting outcomes in sarcoidosis patients, particularly in those with multiple chronic diseases. However, it should be used in conjunction with sarcoidosis-specific assessments to get a more accurate picture of disease functional prognosis.