article · Geocarto International
Geophysical exploration of the Middle Benue Trough in Northcentral Nigeria has mapped structural patterns, rock types, and mineral potential across the region. Using airborne magnetic and radiometric data alongside target-enhancement techniques, regional lineaments were found to run predominantly in northeast-southwest, north-northeast-south-southwest, and east-west directions. Radiometric readings identified specific surface units including granitic gneiss, alluvium, shale, siltstone, and sandstone. An area exhibiting high magnetic concentration and elevated potassium points to prospective polymetallic-magnetic mineralisation. Additionally, two-dimensional modelling revealed that igneous intrusions have driven structural changes, including doming and sediment baking. Depth estimation methods further demonstrated that sediment thicknesses across the area remain below 1500 metres, advancing baseline structural insights for regional geological assessment.
Identifying subsurface structures and rock types helps map areas containing commercially valuable minerals. By using aerial magnetic and radiometric data, this work provides clear baseline geological maps of Northcentral Nigeria, making it easier to evaluate subsurface mineral prospects without immediate, expensive ground drilling.
This work directly assists mineral exploration companies and geological survey agencies targeting new resource sites. The data narrows down prospective areas for polymetallic-magnetic deposits and maps sediment depths, representing early-stage exploration research that can guide subsequent on-the-ground geophysical testing, sampling, and targeted drilling programmes.
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The Middle Benue Trough (MBT) in Northcentral Nigeria is a geologically significant area with vast mineral resource potential. Employing airborne magnetic and radiometric data, this study utilized the Centre for Exploration Targeting on enhanced total magnetic intensity data to reveal geologic structures, lithological units and mineralization zones. Lineaments predominantly trended in NE-SW direction, with noteworthy orientations in NNE-SSW and E-W. Radiometric anomalies correlated with distinct lithological units, pinpointing granitic gneiss, alluvium, shale, siltstone and sandstone. A magnetically concentrated and potassium-rich area indicated potential polymetallic-magnetic mineralization. The 2D model illustrated igneous intrusions influencing prevalent geologic structures, such as sediment baking and doming. Thorough analysis, including source parameter imaging, standard Euler deconvolution and 2D forward modelling, revealed sediment thicknesses below 1500 m. This research enhances understanding of the MBT's geological features, offering valuable insights for mineral exploration and resource assessment in the region.
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DOI: 10.1080/10106049.2024.2339290
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