Understanding epilepsy: residents’ knowledge, experience and attitudes towards epilepsy and its first aid measures in Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract

Epilepsy presents a longstanding global challenge, particularly in developingcountries like Nigeria, where significant treatment gaps persist [1,2], despite the increasing prevalence of the disease [3]. Community supportplays a vital role in managing People Living with Epilepsy (PLWE),provided community members have a good knowledge of epilepsy [4].This study evaluated residents’ knowledge of epilepsy, its first aid measures,and their attitudes toward PLWE in Surulere LGA, Lagos State,Nigeria.The study was conducted between April and December 2023 andemployed an analytical cross-sectional design in Surulere LGA, LagosState. The sampling methodology utilised a multistage sampling technique,with 291 respondents surveyed using an interviewer-administeredsemi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performedusing IBM SPSS version 26.0, with univariate and bivariate analysesconducted.All 291 questionnaires were completed, revealing a mean respondentage of 32.3 ± 11.8 years, predominantly spanning 26–45 years (45.4%).Overall, respondents demonstrated good knowledge of epilepsy (51.2%),with over half recognising it as a neurological disease and 56% acknowledgingits non-contagious nature. Notably, 82.1% perceived epilepsy astreatable, however, with about half endorsing spiritual or traditionalmethods. Factors such as prior seizure witness, personal connection toPLWE, and religious affiliation significantly influenced epilepsy knowledgeand attitudes.While residents exhibited a commendable understanding of epilepsy,misconceptions and negative attitudes toward PLWE persist. Effortsshould prioritise targeted educational campaigns addressing specificmyths and misconceptions, and innovative delivery methods of educationalmaterials should be explored.