Ultrasonic experimental study of the water quality: Impact of salinity

Abstract

Ultrasonic technique is a powerful method for characterizing and non-destructively testing aqueous media. This technique is faster and less expensive than classical chemical methods, which require samples, reagents, and significant analysis time. This study experimentally investigates the impact of water salinity on the evolution of ultrasonic acoustic wave properties, namely ultrasound velocity and amplitude. To this end, we conducted six experiments with different samples using the monostatic configuration, in which the same transducer alternates between transmitter and receiver. The first sample, considered as a reference, is 200 g of distilled water. The subsequent samples were prepared by successively adding 10 g of commercial salt to the initial sample. The results demonstrate a direct relationship between the measured parameters and salt concentration. Significant variations in ultrasound velocity and amplitude of the backscattered signal were observed as the salt percentage increased. Ultrasound velocity increases while amplitude decreases. These results demonstrate that the proposed ultrasonic technique can efficiently control water quality under similar conditions.