Triterpenoids from the aerial parts of <i>Anabasis articulata</i> (Forssk) Moq: gastroprotective effect in vivo with in silico studies, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities

Abstract

A new triterpenoid named 3<i>β</i>,20<i>α</i>-dihydroxy-30-nor-olean-12-ene-23,28 dioic acid (<b>4)</b> along with 3<i>β</i>-hydroxy-23-aldehyde-lup-20(29)-ene-28-oic acid (<b>1)</b>, 3<i>β</i>-hydroxy-23-aldehyde-30-nor-olean-12,20(29)-diene-28-oic acid (<b>2)</b>, 3<i>β</i>-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-23,28 dioic acid (<b>3),</b> 3<i>β</i>-hydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-23,28 dioic acid-23-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D-glucopyranosyl ester (<b>5)</b>, 3-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D-glucuronopyranosyl-lup-20(29)-ene-23,28 dioic acid-28-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D-glucopyranosyl ester (<b>6)</b>, 3-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D-glucuronopyranosyl-lup-20(29)-ene-23-aldehyde-28-oic acid-28-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D glucopyranosyl ester (<b>7)</b> were isolated for the first time from the aerial parts of <i>Anabasis articulata</i> (Forssk) Moq. Isolated pure compounds were structurally elucidated using spectral analysis. Cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antiulcer activities and antioxidant parameters were evaluated using the total methanol extract and its successive fractions. The methylene chloride fraction showed strong cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 (6.9 µg/ml) and HCT-116 (5.5 µg/ml) tumour cell lines in comparative with 5-fluorouracil (7.9 µg/ml). Treatment of indomethacin induced ulcerated rats with ethyl acetate fraction (400 mg/kg, p.o./day) achieved reduced Ulcer index (0.18), potent inhibition percentage of ulceration (84.86%) in comparison to ranitidine and high antioxidant effect. Compound(6) exhibited high docking score against gastric H⁺/K⁺ ATPase.