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book chapter

Transfer Pricing Compliance in Emerging Markets

In plain language

Transfer pricing forms a critical component of international tax governance as multinational enterprises expand and emerging economies increase regulatory scrutiny. An evaluation spanning India, China, Brazil, South Africa, and Indonesia assesses national accounting systems and regulatory frameworks alongside OECD standards and Base Erosion and Profit Shifting initiatives. Compliance faces growing complexities stemming from intangible assets, digital developments such as artificial intelligence, big data, and blockchain, and environmental, social, and governance transparency demands. To tackle these issues, the proposed Integrated Transfer Pricing Compliance Framework links OECD guidelines, accounting standards, governance structures, digital tools, risk management, documentation, and compliance monitoring. The framework aims to bolster tax transparency, regulatory consistency, and sustainable tax administration across emerging markets.

Key takeaways

  • Transfer pricing compliance across India, China, Brazil, South Africa, and Indonesia requires balancing national accounting systems with OECD and BEPS standards.
  • Technological shifts involving artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data, and intangible assets create complex transfer pricing compliance hurdles.
  • Rising expectations for environmental, social, and governance transparency are reshaping tax reporting requirements.
  • The Integrated Transfer Pricing Compliance Framework unites international guidelines, accounting rules, digital tools, and risk management to improve regulatory consistency.

Why it matters

As multinational business expands across emerging economies, aligning cross-border commercial transactions with international tax rules grows increasingly difficult. Implementing coherent compliance frameworks helps reduce cross-border regulatory friction, aids tax administrations in preventing profit shifting, and ensures emerging economies can maintain stable tax revenues amid rapid digitalization and evolving governance standards.

Commercialisation angle

The conceptual framework could guide compliance system design for corporate tax departments, advisory firms, and revenue authorities handling cross-border operations in emerging markets. It outlines how digital tools, risk management, and ESG factors can be embedded into reporting processes. As an academic model, it sits at an early stage of development and would require translation into software workflows or enterprise compliance programmes before practical use.

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Abstract

Transfer pricing has become a key element of international tax governance as multinational enterprises expand globally and emerging economies strengthen regulatory oversight. This chapter examines transfer pricing compliance by integrating the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines with national accounting systems in India, China, Brazil, South Africa, and Indonesia. It reviews the conceptual foundations of transfer pricing, analyzes the OECD framework and BEPS initiatives, and compares accounting and regulatory practices across these economies. The chapter also discusses compliance challenges related to digitalization, intangible assets, artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, and ESG-driven tax transparency. Its main contribution is the proposed Integrated Transfer Pricing Compliance Framework (ITPCF), which integrates OECD guidelines, accounting standards, governance, digital technologies, risk management, documentation, and compliance monitoring to improve tax transparency, regulatory consistency, and sustainable tax governance in emerging markets.

Research topics

  • Corporate Taxation and Avoidance
  • Taxation and Compliance Studies
  • Governance, Compliance, and Sustainability

Read the original research

This page summarises published work. The authoritative version sits with the publisher.

DOI: 10.4018/979-8-2600-0020-5.ch007

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