Trans-catheter procedures in the management of renal artery aneurysm

Abstract

Background The endovascular approach has emerged as the preferred method for managing renal artery aneurysms (RAAs), particularly in cases with intricate anatomical features, as a viable alternative to surgical intervention. Aim The objective of this research was to assess the significance of trans-catheter operations in the treatment of RAAs, with a particular focus on the management of symptoms. Patients and methods This prospective minimally invasive was carried out on 30 patients with RAA aged from 6 to 67 years old, diagnosed by various radiological modalities (ultrasonography, computed tomography, or MRI) and underwent 30 arteriographies for RAA who were managed by Trans-catheter procedures (especially selective embolization with coils). All patients undergo follow-up by clinical assessment, medical imaging, and laboratory investigations. Results Out of the total 28 RAAs that were treated, a significant majority of 93.3% were effectively embolized and showed no symptoms of recurrence during the subsequent follow-up period. One case (3.3%) of RAA did not achieve effective embolization, resulting in failed embolization. Additionally, another case (3.3%) of RAA had recurrence during follow-up despite initial successful closure. Minor issues occurred in seven instances, accounting for 23.3% of the total occurrences, while significant complications were observed in only one instance, representing 3.3% of the total occurrences. Conclusions The endovascular approach is a very safe and successful method for managing RAAs, whether in planned or emergent medical scenarios. This approach preserves renal function and minimizes invasiveness, while also demonstrating low rates of both severe and minor complications.