Towards a Robust DNA Storage System with a Multilayer Approach

Abstract

The growing demand for data storage requires innovative, resilient solutions to the challenges of cost, space, and energy consumption posed by current methods. DNA stands out as a promising next-generation data storage medium, offering a remarkable storage density of 1019 bits per cubic centimeter, some eight orders of magnitude denser than conventional media. This study explores the potential of DNA storage by proposing an intelligent multi-layer solution to overcome current technological challenges. The system combines the storage capabilities of DNA with sophisticated solutions such as data compression, error correction, and cryptography, transforming the concept of DNA storage into a tangible reality. This study also focused on the first layer dedicated to data compression. The results obtained represent a significant advance in the evaluation of the potential of different compression algorithms, through a comparative study of techniques such as Huffman coding, run-length coding, LZW and LZ77. This analysis enabled us to define the essential components of the first layer of the proposed approach. Finally, the interface in the digital domain to visually present the overall results of the project was introduced, while providing insight into the system’s efficiency, data integrity and ease of use.