Thermodynamics of variable thermophysical properties of non-Newtonian fluids with the exploration of antiviral and antibacterial mechanisms using silver nanoparticles

Abstract

This research is aimed at examining the thermodynamics of variable thermophysical properties of non-Newtonian fluids with the exploration of antiviral and antibacterial mechanisms. The mechanism of antiviral together with antibacterial was separately considered by utilizing the silver nanoparticles. The physical phenomenon comprising thermal radiation, magnetic field, chemical reaction, heat generation parameters, etc are presented as partial differential equations (PDEs). The formulated PDEs are changed into ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity variables. The spectral relaxation method (SRM) was employed to numerically solve the set of equations. The SRM is an iterative method that employs the basic techniques of the Gauss–Seidel approach. In addition, an experimental finding on the use of silver nanoparticles was conducted and the silver nanoparticles were found to be a good antimicrobial in dentistry. The magnetic field affects the size of silver nanoparticles within the boundary layer. This leads to a reduction in the replication of both viruses and bacteria within the boundary layer. In addition, the magnetic field was observed to shrink the non-Newtonian fluids by reducing the skin friction coefficient. In the analysis, a blockage to viral replication was noticed due to higher thermal radiation which increases the temperature. The magnetic parameter was observed to reduce infection by playing a significant role on the mechanisms of antiviral and antibacterial within the boundary layer.