Thermodynamic properties of multilayered spherical quantum dots: Confinement, temperature and magnetic field dependence

Abstract

We investigate how temperature variation, confinement conditions, and magnetic field strength influence the thermodynamic behavior of GaAs/Al x 1 Ga 1 − x 1 As multilayer spherical quantum dots. Within the effective mass approximation, the Schrödinger equation is numerically solved using the finite element method. Thermodynamic quantities such as internal energy, heat capacity, and entropy are computed from the energy spectrum via the canonical ensemble formalism. The results reveal that these quantities vary significantly with structural parameters and external perturbations. This study provides insights into the interplay between geometry, magnetic field, and thermal activation in determining the thermodynamic response of quantum-confined systems.