Therapeutic potential of stromal vascular fraction in early diabetic nephrotoxicity: a histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analysis in a type 2 diabetes rat model

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), significantly contributes to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Despite conventional treatments aimed at slowing disease progression, there is a pressing need for novel therapies. This study evaluates the potential therapeutic impact of adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on early diabetic nephrotoxicity in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-one male albino rats were divided into control and diabetic groups, with the latter further split into untreated (T2Da) and SVF-treated (T2Db) subgroups. Biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical, and morphometric analyses were conducted. RESULTS: We demonstrated that SVF treatment reduced oxidative stress, lowered serum creatinine, and improved renal architecture by mitigating fibrosis and cellular infiltration, suggesting enhanced tissue regeneration and reduced inflammation. SVF also facilitated cellular repair, indicated by increased endothelial cell proliferation and reduced glomerular damage. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores SVF's potential as a promising regenerative approach for managing early-stage DN, warranting further research to elucidate its mechanisms.