article · Marine Drugs
This research investigated the use of dietary chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) as a therapeutic intervention to alleviate systemic inflammatory responses in fish. Rainbow trout were used in an experiment comparing a pathogen-free group, challenged controls, and groups receiving CSNP preventively or therapeutically. After a feeding period, organosomatic indices and molecular aspects were assessed. Following a challenge, therapeutic CSNP administration resulted in an 80% relative percentage survival compared to the positive control group. It also significantly increased the expression of targeted inflammatory-mediator genes and maintained high gene expression augmentation for 28 days post-challenge. Notably, the splenic reticulin fibres in the CSNP-therapeutic group showed high integrity during infection and significantly higher density after recovery, indicating enhanced innate immunity. The findings suggest CSNP possesses promising biotherapeutic features for improving fish resistance to infections.
Fish farming is crucial for food security, but diseases cause significant losses. This research explores a natural, dietary approach using chitosan nanoparticles to boost fish immunity and survival against infections. This could lead to healthier fish populations and more sustainable aquaculture practices, benefiting both producers and consumers.
This research suggests that dietary chitosan nanoparticles could be developed into a biotherapeutic feed additive for aquaculture. Fish farmers could use this to enhance fish resistance to infections, potentially reducing disease outbreaks and improving survival rates. This appears to be early-stage research demonstrating efficacy in a controlled fish model, indicating a need for further development and testing before market application.
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Marine bio-sourced chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) are antimicrobial and immunomodulatory agents beneficial for fish medicine. Herein, dietary CSNP was investigated for the amelioration of the systemic inflammatory responses of an induced fish model. One hundred and forty-four rainbow trout were assigned to one pathogen-free and non-supplemented group (negative control), and three challenged groups: non-supplemented (positive control), CSNP-preventive, and CSNP-therapeutic. After a feeding experiment extended for 21 days, the organosomatic indices (OSI) and molecular aspects were assessed. After a challenge experiment extended for further 28 days, CSNP-therapeutic intervention was assessed on fish survival and systemic inflammatory responses on pathology, histo-morphology, and molecular aspects. With CSNP administration, OSI nonsignificantly decreased and the relative expression of targeted inflammatory-mediator genes was significantly increased. The CSNP-therapeutic fish showed an RPS of 80% as compared to the positive control group, and CSNP-therapeutic administration retained the highest gene expression augmentation up to 28 days after the challenge. Notably, the splenic reticulin fibers framework of the CSNP-therapeutic group retained the highest integrity among the groups during the infection. After recovery, reticulin fibers density in the CSNP-therapeutic samples was significantly higher than in the negative control group, which indicates high innate immunity. Thus, CSNP showed promising biotherapeutic features enhancing fish resistance against infections.
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DOI: 10.3390/md20070425
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