The role of digital technologies in enhancing sustainable community-based tourism: a systematic review of opportunities and challenges

Abstract

Purpose This study aims to investigate the contribution of digital technologies to raising the sustainability of community-based tourism (CBT) by means of a critical analysis and synthesis of the implementation strategies, effects and challenges related to digital technologies. Design/methodology/approach This review is based only on published, peer-reviewed journals through a systematic review using the PRISMA framework. The methodology relies on data analysis from 85 high-quality research papers, accessed through a review of 544 documents, to identify trends, challenges and opportunities in the use of digital technologies in CBT. Findings Key findings reveal not only the optimal use of advanced technologies such as IoT sensors, QR codes and AI-based solutions for enhancing operations, resource productivity and visitor experience, but also uncover critical underlying patterns of technology adoption, highlighting both their transformative potential and the systemic barriers to their equitable implementation across diverse CBT contexts. Potential threats, such as low levels of digital competencies and insufficient levels of digitization, are also considered. Practical implications This study offers practical insights that advance the implementation of smart CBT practices at the international level. It highlights the importance of coordinated efforts among governments, local communities and industry stakeholders to formulate sustainable policies that support long-term tourism development. Originality/value This study provides a forward-looking perspective on the future of CBT by improving tourist education, promoting environmental integration and facilitating value co-production, which are essential components of sustainable tourism paradigms.