The Remote Provision of Pharmaceutical Products and Services by Retail Pharmacies in Kampala, Uganda; Practices and Challenges

Abstract

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold>The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased the demand for remote healthcare services delivery, including remote access to medications. This study explored the practices and challenges associated with remote pharmacy services in Kampala, Uganda. <bold>Methods:</bold>A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2022, enrolling 174 out of 198 sampled retail pharmacies. Data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire on remote service provision, platforms used, products offered, delivery methods, and challenges faced. <bold>Results:</bold>Over 58% of pharmacies provided remote services, primarily through social media (especially WhatsApp) and phone calls. OTCs and POMs were the most commonly dispensed products remotely. Key challenges identified included high internet costs, labor shortages, poor internet quality, and a lack of specific regulations for remote provision of pharmaceutical products and services. <bold>Conclusion:</bold>Remote pharmacy services are becoming increasingly common in Kampala, but they face challenges that need to be addressed. Regulations are crucial to ensure responsible dispensing practices and rational medicine use. Addressing internet affordability and quality, staffing issues, and delivery logistics is essential for sustainable and effective remote pharmacy operations.