The remedial effect of jujube ( <i>Zizyphus lotus</i> L.) fruit extracts from oxidative stress and neurotoxic damage induced by cypermethrin in the freshwater mussel <i>Unio pictorum</i>

Abstract

Jujube extracts have been tested for the treatment of cypermethrin toxicity in the freshwater mussel Unio pictorum. Mussels exposed to 150 µg/l of cypermethrin were treated with 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5 g/l of jujube extracts during 2 and 4 days. Results showed that cypermethrin affected hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) levels in gills and digestive glands. A treatment with 0.5 g/l and 1 g/l of jujube extract regulated those levels subsequent 2 days of exposure. Our results showed that 2.5 and 5 g/l of jujube extracts provoked toxicity similar to that induced by cypermethrin.