article · Frontiers in Public Health
Mpox is a re-emerging viral zoonosis endemic to densely forested parts of West and Central Africa. Multiple factors across animal, human, and environmental domains drive the spread of the virus across affected regions. In Nigeria, transmission dynamics encompass both animal-to-human spillover and inter-human spread, occurring notably within rural communities and healthcare facilities. Adopting a One Health approach is vital to preventing and managing outbreaks effectively. Evidence indicates that preventing repeated introductions of the virus from wildlife hosts into human populations could disrupt the transmission cycle and lead to a meaningful reduction in human infections overall. Coordinated strategies linking human, animal, and environmental health are therefore central to controlling the resurgence of this disease.
Mpox represents a growing public health challenge where humans, animals, and ecosystems intersect. Understanding how the virus spreads between wildlife and people, as well as within clinics and communities, helps public health authorities design targeted interventions. Addressing these transmission pathways through combined environmental and veterinary oversight can prevent local outbreaks from escalating into wider epidemics.
The abstract does not indicate a commercial application pathway or product development. The findings primarily inform public health policy, veterinary surveillance, and infection control programmes. Any applied tools, such as community diagnostics or animal monitoring protocols, remain at an early conceptual stage without specific commercial pathways outlined in the text.
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The Monkeypox virus, commonly abbreviated as mpox, is a viral zoonosis that is experiencing a resurgence in prevalence. It is endemic to regions of West and Central Africa that are characterized by dense forested areas. Various measures pertaining to animals, humans, and the environment have been recognized as potential factors and catalysts for the spread of the disease throughout the impacted regions of Africa. This study examines the various factors contributing to the transmission of the virus in Nigeria, with a particular focus on the animal-human and inter-human modes of transmission in rural communities and healthcare facilities. The One Health approach was emphasized as crucial in the prevention and management of this issue. Literature suggests that preventing repeated zoonotic introductions could potentially halt the transmission of the mpox virus from animal to human hosts, leading to a potential decrease in human infections.
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DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1334238
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