The emerging trends in prostate cancer treatment: a systematic review of the literature

Abstract

This Systematic review provides a comprehensive framework for understanding current therapeutic options and future directions in prostate cancer treatment. It highlights ongoing efforts, focusing on AR signaling inhibitors (ARSi) and novel molecularly targeted therapies. Using PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive literature search across significant databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library). Next-generation ARSi (enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide) have demonstrated significant survival benefits across various stages of prostate cancer, as evidenced by pivotal trials (PROSPER, SPARTAN, ARAMIS). The emergence of promising therapeutic approaches for biomarker-defined patient subgroups, including PARP inhibitors (PROfound, TRITON2), radioligand therapy (VISION, TheraP), and immunotherapy (KEYNOTE-199, CheckMate 650), is increasingly clinically relevant. While significant advances have been made in AR-targeted therapies, emerging molecular-targeted approaches are reshaping the treatment landscape. Our data provide a comprehensive framework for understanding current therapeutic options and future directions in prostate cancer treatment, engaging the audience and making them feel part of the solution.