The Effect of Combined Physical Activity and Cognitive Training on Quality of Life in Older Adults

Abstract

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is an individual’s perception of their position in life within the context of their culture, values, goals, expectations, and concerns. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of combined physical activity and cognitive training on quality of life in older adults. Design: A quasi-experimental design was utilized. Setting: The study was conducted in Shobera El Nakhla, a randomly selected rural area in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Sample: The sample consisted of 100 older adults, and a multistage random sampling technique was employed. Tools: Data were collected using four tools: Structured interview questionnaire, the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS), the Cognitive and Leisure Activity Scale (CLAS), and the WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: The findings revealed statistically significant improvements among participants following the intervention. Physical activity increased from 10% to 52%, cognitive engagement improved from 16% to 62%, and quality of life enhanced from 9% to 58%. Additionally, a highly significant positive correlation (p < 0.01) was observed between physical activity, cognitive training, and quality of life both before and after the intervention. Conclusion: The combined physical activity and cognitive training intervention was effective in enhancing quality of life among older adults. Recommendations: The combined intervention should be applied continuously in the current study setting and expanded to similar environments to assess its long-term sustainability and to support evidence-based aging care.