The dynamic flow of ternary nanofluids with magnetic nanoparticles in an inclined artery exposed to thermal radiation and magnetic fields

Abstract

In order to generate the tri-nanofluid, we examined the fractional order flow of Casson fluid through an inclined artery containing integrated nanoparticles of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), copper (Cu), and gold (Au). The Poisson-Boltzmann equation provided a precise description of the electric potential along the artery wall, and the mathematical formulation made use of differential forms of the conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy. By the virtue of the Caputo time-fractional derivative, the classical problems were transformed into their fractional equivalent. Using a combined finite Hankel and Laplace transforms, exact solutions to the equations were computed; results simulated and displayed graphically. We observed from the results' graphical depiction that the tri-nanofluid was added to the study's heat transfer characteristics in order to enhance (boost) the fluid's thermal conductivity. The velocity profiles of both the fluid and magnetic nanoparticles decreased with increasing radiation parameter values, while the opposite effect was observed with increasing porosity parameter values. Blood velocity and temperature distribution decrease as a result of a memory effect caused by an increase in the fractional parameter values. Heat transport at the vessel wall is also greatly enhanced by thermal radiation. This work could find use in the domains of magnetic nanoparticle-based targeted medication delivery, magnetic field control and biomedical engineering.