review · Vaccines
A systematic review of 65 studies examining 1,526 cases analysed the characteristics of uveitis developing after COVID-19 vaccination. The condition was found to be rare, appearing most often in females and in people aged 41 to 50 years. Most recorded cases took place following the first vaccine dose, with the majority reported after receiving the Pfizer vaccine. Clinically, the uveitis presented predominantly as an acute inflammatory reaction affecting one eye, particularly within the anterior portion of the uvea. Most patients experienced a new onset of the condition, whereas a smaller proportion represented a reactivation of a pre-existing uveitis. The findings highlight the importance of considering vaccine-associated uveitis in patients presenting with either new-onset or recurrent acute or chronic ocular inflammation after receiving a COVID-19 vaccination.
Identifying rare adverse events helps healthcare professionals recognise and treat ocular complications promptly. Understanding the clinical profile of uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination allows clinicians to better diagnose both new-onset and recurrent eye inflammation, supporting safe immunisation programmes and improving patient care through timely intervention.
The abstract does not indicate a commercialisation pathway or direct technology application, as the research is an observational systematic review aimed at clinical awareness and patient safety.
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Numerous complications following COVID-19 vaccination has been reported in the literature, with an increasing body of evidence reporting vaccination-associated uveitis (VAU). In this systematic review, we searched six electronic databases for articles reporting the occurrence of VAU following COVID-19 vaccination. Data were synthesized with emphasis on patients' characteristics [age, gender], vaccination characteristics [type, dose], and outcome findings [type, nature, laterality, course, location, onset, underlying cause, and associated findings]. Data are presented as numbers (percentages) for categorical data and as mean (standard deviation) for continuous data. Sixty-five studies were finally included [43 case reports, 16 case series, four cohort, one cross-sectional, and one registry-based study]. VAU occurred in 1526 cases, most commonly in females (68.93%) and middle-aged individuals (41-50 years: 19.71%), following the first dose (49.35%) of vaccination, especially in those who received Pfizer (77.90%). VAU occurred acutely (71.77%) as an inflammatory reaction (88.29%) in unilateral eyes (77.69%), particularly in the anterior portion of the uvea (54.13%). Importantly, most cases had a new onset (69.92%) while only a limited portion of cases had a reactivation of previous uveitis condition. In conclusion, although rare, uveitis following COVID-19 vaccination should be considered in new-onset and recurrent cases presenting with either acute or chronic events.
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DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010069
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