article · Electronics
A dual-wideband monopole textile antenna has been developed for wearable applications using denim fabric as its substrate material. The electrical properties of the denim substrate were characterised using both a dielectric assessment kit and a ring resonator technique. The antenna operates across two broad frequency ranges, spanning 2.2 to 4 gigahertz and 5.3 to 10 gigahertz, demonstrating robust dual-wideband capabilities. Performance evaluations were conducted in both flat and bent configurations to account for physical movement and garment flexibility. To verify user safety during operation, specific absorption rate simulations were carried out across multiple body areas, including the head and the abdominal region, using a detailed human voxel model. The resulting radiation absorption values remained within standard safety limits, confirming that the antenna operates safely close to the human body.
Wearable electronic devices integrated directly into everyday clothing require flexible components that operate reliably without posing health risks. Demonstrating that a denim-based antenna functions effectively under bending while adhering strictly to safe radiation absorption limits helps validate fabric-based communication technology for practical, body-worn electronics.
Targeted at developers of wearable electronics and smart clothing, this design enables wireless communication embedded directly into garments. The research sits at an applied and tested stage, having validated antenna performance under bending and confirmed human safety thresholds through voxel simulations. Transitioning toward commercial use would require integration into manufactured garments and testing within operational wireless body networks.
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A novel dual-wideband textile antenna designed for wearable applications is introduced in this study. Embedding antennas into wearable devices requires a detailed analysis of the specific absorption rate (SAR) to ensure safety. To achieve this, SAR values were meticulously simulated and evaluated within a human voxel model, considering various body regions such as the left/right head and the abdominal region. The proposed antenna is a monopole design utilizing denim textile as the substrate material. The characterization of the denim textile substrate is carried out using two different methods. The first analysis included a DAC (Dielectric Assessment Kit), while a ring resonator technique was employed for the second examination. Operating within the frequency bands of (58.06%) 2.2–4 GHz and (61.43) 5.3–10 GHz, the antenna demonstrated flexibility in its dual-wideband capabilities. Extensive simulations and tests were conducted to assess the performance of the antenna in both flat and bent configurations. The SAR results obtained from these tests indicate that the antenna complies with safety standard limits when integrated with the human voxel model. This validation underscores the potential of the proposed antenna for seamless integration into wearable applications, offering a promising solution for future developments in this domain.
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DOI: 10.3390/electronics13122251
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