article · JACS Au
Researchers have synthesised conjugated microporous polymers, specifically TPE-DHTP CMP and Anthra-DHTP CMP, using a straightforward Schiff-base condensation reaction. These materials feature spherical structures enriched with nitrogen and oxygen adsorption sites, derived from combining a dihydroxyterephthalaldehyde building block with tetraphenyl-based diamines. The resulting Anthra-DHTP polymer demonstrated high porosity, presenting a specific surface area of 431 square metres per gramme, alongside thermal stability up to 505 degrees Celsius. Testing confirmed functional performance across two key areas: carbon dioxide capture and electrochemical energy storage. The material achieved a carbon dioxide uptake capacity of 1.85 millimoles per gramme at 273 Kelvin and one bar of pressure. In electrochemical testing, it delivered a specific capacitance of 121 Farads per gramme at a current density of 0.5 Amperes per gramme, retaining 79 percent of its capacitance after 5000 operational cycles.
Developing stable, porous polymers capable of dual functions addresses key environmental and energy challenges. Materials that combine effective carbon dioxide capture with reliable electrochemical energy storage can support cleaner industrial processes and advanced energy systems. Demonstrating durable capacitance alongside gas uptake offers a foundation for multifunctional materials that withstand high temperatures during continuous operational cycles.
The findings point to potential applications in industrial carbon capture systems and supercapacitor energy storage devices. The work remains at an early laboratory stage, validated through fundamental synthesis, gas uptake measurements, and three-electrode cell testing. Further development would require testing under operational conditions, scaling polymer production, and evaluating device-level integration before manufacturers of energy storage components or emissions control systems could adopt the technology.
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Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) feature extended excellent porosity properties and fully conjugated electronic systems, making them highly effective for several uses, including photocatalysis, dye adsorption, CO<sub>2</sub> capture, supercapacitors, and so on. These polymers are known for their high specific surface area and adjustable porosity. To synthesize DHTP-CMPs (specifically TPE-DHTP CMP and Anthra-DHTP CMP) with abundant nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) adsorption sites and spherical structures, we employed a straightforward Schiff-base [4 + 2] condensation reaction. This involved using 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalaldehyde (DHTP-2CHO) as the primary building block and phenolic OH group source, along with two distinct structures: 4,4',4″,4"'-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetraaniline (TPE-4NH<sub>2</sub>) and 4,4',4″,4"'-(anthracene-9,10-diylidenebis(methanediylylidene))tetraaniline (Anthra-4Ph-4NH<sub>2</sub>). The synthesized Anthra-DHTP CMP had a remarkable BET surface area (BET<sub>SA</sub>) of 431 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>. Additionally, it exhibited outstanding thermal stability, as shown by a <i>T</i> <sub>d10</sub> of 505 °C. Furthermore, for practical implementation, the Anthra-DHTP CMP demonstrates a significant capacity for capturing CO<sub>2</sub>, measuring 1.85 mmol g<sup>-1</sup> at a temperature of 273 K and 1 bar. In a three-electrode test, the Anthra-DHTP CMP has a remarkable specific capacitance of 121 F g<sup>-1</sup> at 0.5 A g<sup>-1</sup>. Furthermore, even after undergoing 5000 cycles, it maintains a capacitance retention rate of 79%. Due to their outstanding pore characteristics, abundant N and O, and conjugation properties, this Anthtra-DHTP CMP holds significant potential for CO<sub>2</sub> capture and supercapacitor applications. This work will pave the way for the development of materials based on DHTP-CMPs and their postmodification with additional groups, facilitating their use in photocatalysis, photodegradation, lithium battery applications, and so on.
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DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00537
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