article · Global Energy Interconnection
This research assesses the technical and economic feasibility of setting up hydrogen refuelling stations across five locations in Oman: Duqm, Haima, Sur, Al Buraymi, and Salalah. Using the HOMER software, three hybrid renewable setups were evaluated for each site, covering combinations of solar photovoltaics, wind turbines, and battery storage. The assessment revealed that Duqm is the most economically viable site, achieving the lowest net present cost, levelised cost of energy, and levelised cost of hydrogen. Sensitivity assessments indicated that extending the operational lifespan of the electrolyser spreads the upfront capital expenditure over a longer duration, further reducing the overall net present cost. Additionally, the modelled renewable configurations operated with zero emissions, directly supporting national environmental targets.
Transitioning transport sectors away from fossil fuels requires clean, affordable hydrogen infrastructure. By identifying optimal geographic locations and system configurations, this assessment provides evidence that zero-emission hydrogen generation is economically feasible in Oman, offering actionable insights for national clean energy transitions and emissions reduction plans.
The findings can guide energy planners, infrastructure developers, and policymakers designing zero-emission hydrogen refuelling networks. As a simulation-based feasibility and optimisation study relying on software modelling, the work represents an early-stage planning assessment that would require practical field engineering, site development, and infrastructure procurement prior to real-world implementation.
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Hydrogen is emerging as a promising alternative to fossil fuels in the transportation sector.This study evaluated the feasibility of establishing hydrogen refueling stations in five cities in Oman, Duqm, Haima, Sur, Al Buraymi, and Salalah, using Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. Three hybrid energy systems, photovoltaic-wind turbine-battery, photovoltaic-battery, and wind turbine-battery were analyzed for each city. Results indicated that Duqm offers the lowest net present cost (NPC), levelized cost of energy, and levelized cost of hydrogen, making it the most cost-effective location. Additionally, Sensitivity analysis showed that as the life of electrolyzer increases during operation, the initial capital expenditure is distributed over a longer operational period, leading to a reduction in the NPC. More so, renewable energy systems produced no emissions which supports Oman’s mission target. This comprehensive analysis confirms the feasibility of establishing a hydrogen refueling station in Duqm, Oman, and highlights advanced optimization techniques’ superior capability in designing cost-effective, sustainable energy systems.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.gloei.2025.01.001
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