article · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
This research assesses how aqueous and ethanol extracts from the stem bark of Tabernaemontana stapfiana protect against aluminium chloride-induced cognitive impairment in Wistar rats. Exposure to aluminium chloride typically triggers oxidative stress, brain and body weight reduction, and increases inflammatory markers in the brain and serum. Administering the plant extracts daily over a 21-day period significantly countered these damaging effects. The treatments lowered elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6. Furthermore, the extracts restored oxidant-antioxidant balance by reducing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide while boosting essential antioxidant defences such as superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione. Through these antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, the stem bark extracts prevented chemical-induced brain alterations linked to cognitive disability.
Cognitive decline and neurodegenerative damage are strongly linked to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. Demonstrating that extracts from a medicinal plant can protect brain tissue against heavy metal toxicity offers vital scientific evidence for natural therapeutic strategies. This work provides insight into potential botanical compounds capable of defending against chemical-induced brain damage.
This work points towards potential applications in pharmaceutical or nutraceutical development for neuroprotective formulations targeting cognitive decline. The primary users would be drug discovery teams and natural product manufacturers. Given that the evidence is currently limited to an in vivo animal model, the research remains at an early stage, requiring extensive safety profiling, active compound isolation, and clinical validation before any commercial application is viable.
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The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Tabernaemontana stapfiana ( T. stapfiana ) on cognitive disability induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) in Wistar rats. Forty‐five Wistar rats were distributed in different groups of five animals each. Test groups were daily given AlCl 3 (100 mg/kg) following by the doses of the extracts for 21 days. At the end of treatment period, rats were sacrificed and the brain homogenate and serum were prepared and used to evaluate oxidative stress in brain and serum cytokines using colorimetric tests and ELISA, respectively. The findings of this study showed that reduced brain, body weight, and antioxidant enzymes (reduced glutathione [GSH], catalase [CAT], and superoxide dismutase [SOD]), while it increases oxidant biomarkers (malondiadehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines (IL‐10, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6). Therefore, the administration of aqueous or ethanol extracts of T. stapfiana stem bark significantly ( p < 0.001) reduced the IL‐10, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 levels in AlCl 3 ‐treated rats compared to non treated rats. Moreover, the extracts significantly ( p < 0.001) changed the oxidant–antioxidant balance by reducing the MDA and NO levels, while increasing SOD and GSH concentrations caused and NO in AlCl 3 ‐treated rats as compared to nontreated rats. Conclusively, aqueous or ethanol extracts of T. stapfiana stem bark prevented the oxidative stress and inflammation in brain, which made the brain to be not change after administration of the causative agent of cognitive impairment (CI), AlCl 3 .
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DOI: 10.1155/omcl/5106228
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