article · Desalination and Water Treatment
Landfill leachate presents severe environmental and public health risks by contaminating water, soil, and air. Applying circular economy principles alongside waste reduction and recycling can significantly shrink landfill volumes and leachate generation, potentially lowering maintenance costs by up to 57.7 per cent. Composting converts organic material into useful compost while generating methane for energy. In addition, energy recovery methods like gasification and pyrolysis turn waste into power, reducing the need for landfills. For treating generated leachate, combining advanced oxidation processes with biological systems, as well as using adsorbent-enhanced constructed wetlands, delivers high treatment efficiency with up to 32 per cent savings in treatment costs. Further investigation into artificial intelligence and nanotechnology offers potential pathways for future process optimisation.
Landfill leachate threatens ecosystems and human health by polluting surrounding soil, waterways, and air. Adopting circular waste practices, such as energy recovery and composting, prevents harmful liquid waste formation while cutting municipal costs. Identifying affordable, integrated treatment methods ensures that communities can effectively neutralise toxic runoff, protect local natural resources, and recover valuable resources like energy from everyday solid waste.
The evaluated methods offer direct applications for municipal waste authorities and industrial landfill operators seeking to cut operating overheads. Combining advanced oxidation with biological processes or deploying adsorbent-enhanced wetlands represents applied treatment solutions capable of lowering treatment costs by nearly a third. Meanwhile, integrated tools utilising nanotechnology and artificial intelligence remain earlier-stage concepts needing further research before commercial deployment in operational facilities.
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Landfill leachate, a complex and hazardous liquid waste, poses significant environmental and public health challenges due to its diverse composition and potential for contamination. This review examines the difficulties in landfill leachate management (LLM), focusing on its impact on water, soil, and air quality. Advanced leachate treatment technologies were evaluated for their effectiveness in mitigating leachate's effects. Sustainable development and circular economy principles are critical in addressing these challenges. Effective waste reduction and recycling can significantly decrease landfill volume and leachate production, with potential savings of up to 57.7 % in maintenance costs. Composting not only converts organic waste into valuable compost but also generates methane for energy, enhancing waste management efficiency. Energy recovery technologies, including gasification/pyrolysis, effectively convert waste into usable energy, reducing reliance on landfills and minimizing environmental impact. Advanced treatment technologies, including integrated advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) with biological processes and adsorbent-enhanced constructed wetlands, demonstrated promising cost-effectiveness and high treatment efficiency, with savings of up to 32 % in treatment costs. Future research should focus on emerging technologies like nanotechnology and artificial intelligence for process optimization, and the impact of municipal leachate on air quality. Continued innovation in leachate treatment and sustainable practices are essential for effective waste management. • The complex composition and related environmental risks of leachate were addressed. • The long-term effects of leachate on air quality were emphasized. • The role of efficient waste management within the circular economy was emphasized. • Energy recovery reduces reliance on landfills and minimizes environmental impact. • Emerging technologies such as nanotechnology and AI require further research.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.dwt.2024.100709
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