Structure–Activity Relationship and Stimuli-Responsiveness Behavior of Metallosupramolecular Polymers

Abstract

The widespread discourse on the circular economy has fueled a growing demand for polymeric materials characterized by mechanical robustness, sustainability, renewability, and the ability to mend defects. Such materials can be crafted using dynamic covalent bonds, albeit rarely or more efficiently through noncovalent interactions. Metal–ligand interactions, commonly employed by living organisms to adapt to environmental changes, play a pivotal role in this endeavor. Metallosupramolecular polymers (MSPs), formed through the incorporation of metal–ligand interactions, present a versatile platform for tailoring physicochemical properties. This review explores recent advancements in MSPs achieved through the assembly of (macro)monomers via reversible metal–ligand interactions. Various strategies and pathways for synthesizing these materials are discussed, along with their resulting properties. The review delves into the stimuli-responsive behavior of coordination metal–ligand polymers, shedding light on the impact of the core employed in MSPs. Additionally, it examines the influence of parameters such as solvent choice and counter-ions on the supramolecular assemblies. The ability of these materials to adapt their properties in response to changing environmental conditions challenges the traditional goal of creating stable materials, marking a paradigm shift in material design.