Significance of Cattaneo-Christov Theories on the Hybrid Nanofluids (FE3O4-AU/Engine Oil) on the Simultaneous Motion of Casson-Walters-B in the Presence of a Swimming Gyrotactic Microorganisms

Abstract

This research elucidated the insight into Cattaneo-Christov model and Soret-Dufour mechanisms on the hybrid nanofluids (Fe3O4-Au/engine oil) on the simultaneous motion of Casson-Walters-B with a swimming Gyrotactic microorganisms. The chemical process between hybrid nanoparticles and the bacterial microorganisms was carefully examined in this study. The model equations are presented as partial differential equations (PDEs). This form of PDEs was converted into total differential equations (ODEs) by employing an appropriate transformation variables. The converted ODEs was later solved to examine the significance impacts of flow parameters by utilizing the spectral relaxation method (SRM). SRM is an elegance numerical techniques which utilizes the basic concept of Gauss-Seidel linearization in solving systems of differential equations. The SRM converges faster when compared with other numerical methods in literature. The findings shows that the hybrid nanoparticles greatly affects the swimming microorganisms by causing harm to their concentration within the boundary layer (BL). The presence of magnetism is noticed to bring up the Lorentz force which slows down the velocity of both Casson and Walters-B as they flow simultaneously within the BL. The presence analysis finds significance in sciences and engineering in areas such as polymer additive, separation of isotopes, designing of advancing conversion of energy system functioning at a high temperature. The outcome in this study is in close and agreement with previous works.