Serum Levels of CXCL10 in Patients with Lupus Nephritis and its Relation with Disease Activity

Abstract

Abstract Objective To evaluate the levels of CXCL10 in lupus nephritis (LN) patients and its relation with the activity of lupus nephritis. Patients and Methods Thirty four lupus patients were enrolled in our study, 17patients had lupus nephritis (LN) and 17 patients were without evidence of had lupus nephritis (LWN). Seventeen healthy subjects were also participated as a control group. Complete biochemical and serological parameters were measured and their correlation with serum levels of CXCL10 were assessed in the studied groups. Results The mean age of the LN patients was 31.94 ± 6.37,the mean age of LWN patient was 31.11± 6.42 and the mean age of the controls was 30.471± 4.705, Serum levels of CXCL10 were significantly elevated in LN patients group than LWN and control group with p-value <0.001,While serum CXCL10 in LWN was statistically increased than control group with p-value<0.001. Based on the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis the efficacy of Serum CXCL10 levels in LN in a sample of Egyptian SLE patient This biomarker may be useful due to its high accuracy, with a sensitivity 94.12% and specificity of 76.47% as a biomarker of nephritis in SLE. There were statistically significant positive correlations between CXCL10 and 24 urinary protein (p-value = 0.031) (r = 0.524), creatinine (p-value = 0.003) (r = 0.682), renal activity (RSLEDAI) (p-value = 0.013) (r = 0.590) and Activity index (p-value = 0.003) (r = 0.669), whereas there was negative correlations between them and C3 (p-value = 0.021) (r=-0.554). Conclusion Being higher in patients with LN, CXCL10 might play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition to its excellent diagnostic performance for discriminating patients with lupus nephritis from other SLE patients, it might be helpful to predict the onset and progression of lupus nephritis in SLE patients and to detect renal flares.