Seed Size Impact on the Vitality and Hardiness of Cork Oak Seed Seedlings

Abstract

Quercus suber L. species is endemic to the forests of the Mediterranean basin, offering great socio-economic and ecological value. Nevertheless, its populations face specific challenges linked to germination, development, and climate quality improvement. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of different cork oak seed sizes on germination and seedling growth and to find out how hardy and resistant the plants are to unsuitable environmental conditions. The results obtained showed the effect of cork oak seed size on the germination rate estimated after three cultivation periods of 20, 30, 60, and 80 days. The maximum germination percentage (66.90%) resulted from the use of medium-sized seeds, followed by large seeds (59.75%). On the other hand, the highest germination rate (89.52%) was observed after 80 days, with no significant difference from that achieved after 60 days. In addition, large seeds produced the longest seedlings (28.17 cm) and the largest diameter (3.53 mm) compared with the control.