Scabies case investigation in Binduri District, Ghana, 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Scabies is a Neglected Tropical Disease transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact and indirectly via infested clothing or bedding. Although preventable and treatable, scabies continues to pose public health challenges in Ghana. The Binduri District recorded three scabies cases in 2024. On August 21, 2025, the Binduri District Health Directorate was notified by a Community-Based Surveillance Volunteer (CBSV) of four cases of scabies in Aniisi 1 community. We investigated to determine the cause of the condition, identify the source and mode of transmission, and assess the risk factors contributing to the spread. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used. A suspected case was defined as any person in the household presenting with rashes and persistent itching. Physical and clinical examinations were done by a medical doctor. A structured questionnaire was used and a face-to-face interview was conducted. No laboratory confirmation was done due to lack of testing capacity. Data was analyzed using Microsoft excel 2019. Proportions for age, sex and attack rate were calculated and results were presented in tables. Results: Physical and clinical judgement indicated scabies infestation. Four cases were identified in two households. Most cases were males 75% (3/4) and the mean age was 45 years (range: 2–58 years). The attack rate in the house was 36.4% (4/11) and the community was 0.6% (4/723), no death. Treatment with ivermectin and benzyl benzoate was given. Prophylaxis was given to contacts. Targeted health education and active Case search was conducted. Conclusion: The extent of the scabies outbreak was minimal. Transmission was linked to direct contact with infected individuals and indirect exposure through shared clothing and bedding. Key risk factors included overcrowding, poor personal and environmental hygiene, and limited access to safe water. There is the need for intensified community health education, improved water and sanitation infrastructure, and continuous surveillance to prevent future outbreaks.