Role of MRI in Assessment of Central Nervous System Lesions and Post Treatment Complications in Pediatric Patents with Leukemia

Abstract

Abstract Background In terms of pediatric oncology, leukemia is one of the most frequent deadly illnesses. Early CNS problem identification and appropriate therapy were enhanced by MRI. Aim Describe the MRI results brought on by leukemia's involvement in CNS structures and treatment-related CNS side effects, and evaluate their efficacy for early therapy and preventing long-term adverse effects. Patients and Methods A prospective observational study included 52 children with leukemia. All patients undergone MR examination including conventional MRI, MR diffusion imaging and MR venography (MRV). Results Regarding MRI finding of CNS, leukemic infiltration was found in 57.7%, sub volimic changes in mild manner in 50% and about 26% in a moderate manner while absent in 23.1%, PRES was present in 19.2%, venous thrombosis present in 30.8% and post treatment complications were found in 7.7%. Conclusion Diffusion-weighted MRI proved very helpful in the early diagnosis and distinction of various CNS lesions seen in young patients with leukemia and post-treatment CNS sequelae. These techniques included conventional, post- contrast, MR venography, and diffusion-weighted MRI.