Renoprotective potentials of Basella alba extract against intestinal ischemia–reperfusion–induced renal damage in Wistar rats

Abstract

Background Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IIRI) is a severe disorder which spreads beyond the intestine, triggering secondary injury to organs like the kidney as a result of mucosal barrier disruption, bacterial and endotoxin translocation . Basella alba, which has traditionally been utilized to treat gastrointestinal disorders, ulcers, wounds, kidney stone, diuresis, urinary tract infections, inflammation, and oxidative stress-related ailments, could be effective to prevent kidney damage. This current research investigated the preventive effects of methanolic leaf extract B. alba (MLEBA) on renal injury in rats after IIRI. Methods Thirty rats were divided into five groups: sham-operated, IIRI alone, two groups pretreated orally with 100 and 200 mg/kg dosages of MLEBA respectively, and a group pretreated with vitamin C (200 mg/kg) for two weeks before IIRI induction. Kidney function indices, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, apoptotic indices, and histopathological changes were investigated. Results IIRI elevated serum creatinine, urea, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β and TNF-α, while decreasing total protein and antioxidant enzyme activities. Caspase-1, -3, and -9 levels increased significantly. High-dose MLEBA markedly improved renal function, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced levels of inflammatory mediators, and suppressed apoptosis, effects comparable to those of vitamin C treatment. Histology confirmed preserved renal architecture in treated groups Conclusion Basella alba leaf extract provides significant renoprotection against IIRI-induced renal injury, most likely by ameliorating inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and apoptosis supporting its ethnomedicinal value for renal protection.