article · Journal of the Geological Society of India
Groundwater resources are increasingly strained, requiring reliable methods to demarcate productive extraction zones. In Ariyalur district in southern India, remote sensing and geographical information systems were applied to map groundwater potential. The assessment integrated several thematic environmental layers, including geology, geomorphology, drainage patterns, drainage density, lineaments, lineament density, soil types, rainfall, and terrain slope, using inverse distance weightage techniques. The investigation categorised the territory into five distinct groundwater potential classes: very good (13.34 per cent), good (51.52 per cent), moderate (31.48 per cent), poor (2.82 per cent), and very poor (0.82 per cent). High-potential areas appeared in discrete patches across northern and central Jayamkondam and Palur. These findings demonstrate that geospatial mapping using inverse distance weightage provides an effective approach for planning and managing groundwater extraction across diverse hydro-geological environments.
Locating reliable subterranean water supplies is vital as groundwater reserves continue to deplete globally. Combining satellite observations with geospatial analysis allows planners to identify optimal drilling sites without costly exploratory drilling. This approach helps local authorities, agricultural bodies, and resource managers protect water security and target infrastructure investments effectively across complex hydro-geological landscapes.
This spatial analysis workflow offers an applied and tested method ready for use by geospatial consultancies, civil engineering contractors, and municipal water authorities. It enables targeted well-placement and resource planning services for regional developers and infrastructure planners, though deploying it commercially in new regions would require acquiring and calibrating local geological, meteorological, and topographic datasets.
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ABSTRACT The groundwater is the most precious resources around the world and is shrinking day by day. In connection, there is a need for demarcation of potential ground-water zone. The geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques have become important tools to locate ground-water potential zones. This research has been carried out to identify groundwater potential zone in Ariyalur of south India with help of GIS and remote sensing techniques. To identify the groundwater potential zone used by different thematic layers of geology, geomorphology, drainage, drainage density, lineaments, lineaments density, soil, rainfall, and slope with inverse distance weightage (IDW) methods. From the overall result the potential zone of groundwater in the study area classified into five classes named as very good (13.34 %), good (51.52 %), moderate (31.48 %), poor (2.82 %) and very poor (0.82 %). This study suggested that, very good potential zone of groundwater occur in patches in northern and central parts of Jayamkondam and Palur regions in Ariyalur district. The result exhibited that inverse distance weightage method offers an effective tool for interpreting groundwater potential zones for suitable development and management of groundwater resources in different hydro-geological environments.
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DOI: 10.1007/s12594-018-1046-z
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