Reducing Mutual Coupling in Array Antennas Through the Implementation of a Novel Electromagnetic Band Gap (NEBG) Structure

Abstract

This research delves into the exploration of Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structures to alleviate effectively reciprocal coupling issues among radiating elements within an Antenna Array (AA). In order to establish a baseline, the Mushroom-like EBG structure is initially employed for benchmarking purposes. Subsequently, a newly developed EBG structure (NEBG) is introduced, offering a comparative analysis against the benchmark Mushroom-like EBG structure. The antenna under investigation, boasting dimensions of 180 mm × 180 mm × 14 mm, is designed to function within the frequency band ranging from 1.67 GHz to 2.26 GHz. Comprising three layers (substrate-air-substrate), the upper substrate hosts the top two patches (65 mm × 65 mm), while the lower substrate accommodates the Ground Plane (GP), with the EBG structure strategically embedded between them. The substrate of choice is the Rogers RT/duroid 5880 type, featuring a thickness of 0.75 mm. By leveraging the capabilities of High-Frequency Simulation Software (HFSS), comprehensive simulations are conducted to analyze and evaluate all the proposed structures. Experimental validation is pursued through the construction of a test antenna, solidifying the empirical evidence supporting the effectiveness of the metallic EBG board in proficiently mitigating coupling issues between the two radiating patches. This multifaceted investigation contributes significantly to the broader understanding of EBG structures’ potential applications in enhancing the performance of Antenna Arrays.