article · PLoS ONE
This research provides the first report from Nigeria of rare serovars of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica presenting multidrug-resistant phenotypes across humans, beef cattle, and abattoir environments. The findings demonstrate that antimicrobial resistance spreads within abattoir facilities, potentially driven by mobile genetic elements. Beef cattle represent a public health risk due to their role in spreading these uncommon Salmonella serovars. To curb transmission, improving hand hygiene practices among abattoir workers during beef processing is highlighted as a practical intervention to reduce bacterial colonisation. Overall, addressing the dissemination of these pathogens and monitoring their resistance profiles requires integrated One Health genomic surveillance and collaborative interventions linking human, animal, and environmental health sectors.
The presence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella in food production environments poses a substantial threat to public health and food safety. Detecting rare bacterial variants that withstand standard treatments highlights the vulnerabilities in meat processing systems. Implementing practical hygiene routines and unified surveillance across veterinary and medical sectors can help prevent the spread of difficult-to-treat infections from livestock to communities.
The findings point to potential applications in abattoir biosecurity protocols, environmental sanitisation programmes, and targeted hygiene training services for the meat processing sector. Abattoir operators and public health regulators could apply these insights to update food safety compliance frameworks. Because this is early-stage observational research focused on bacterial surveillance, any associated diagnostic tests, hygiene programmes, or surveillance platforms would require further development and field validation before commercial deployment.
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First report of rare serovars in Nigeria with MDR phenotypes in humans, cattle, and abattoir environments. This study demonstrates the spread of resistance in the abattoir environment possibly by MGEs and emphasizes the importance of genomic surveillance. Beef cattle may be a risk to public health because they spread a variety of rare Salmonella serovars. Therefore, encouraging hand hygiene among abattoir employees while processing beef cattle will further reduce NTS colonization in this population. This requires a One Health collaborative effort among various stakeholders in human health, animal health, and environmental health.
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296971
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