Quaternary Nanocomposites as Advanced Emerging Materials for Photocatalytic Treatment of Dye Wastewater: A Review of Performance, Weaknesses, and Future Perspectives

Abstract

ABSTRACT Quaternary nanocomposites (QNCs) have emerged as advanced photocatalytic materials with significant potential for the treatment of dye‐contaminated wastewater. By integrating four distinct components into a single system, these materials exhibit enhanced charge separation, improved light absorption, and synergistic interactions that result in superior photocatalytic performance compared to single and binary counterparts. This review examines the structural advantages and performance trends of various QNCs while analyzing their photocatalytic degradation efficiency. The study also evaluates the stability, regenerability, and reusability performance of QNCs, emphasizing their potential for repeated use with minimal performance loss. In addition, a SWOT analysis is presented to provide a balanced perspective on their strengths, limitations, and future opportunities. Overall, this work highlights the promise of QNCs as versatile and high‐performance materials, while also identifying critical gaps that must be addressed for real‐world and large‐scale applications.