Psychological variables and personality traits associated with awake and sleep bruxism: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Previous studies addressed the relationship between developing bruxism and personality traits yielded relatively inconsistent results. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate this relationship. METHODS: 117 underwent psychological testing to assess trait anxiety, state anxiety, anger, and depression using STAI-T (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (trait)), STAI-S (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (state)), STAXI (State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory), and BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory test). Personality trait was identified using the 20-item Big Five personality trait questionnaire. Awake bruxism (AB) and sleep bruxism (SB) were identified using electromyography and polysomnography, respectively, excluding participants with psychiatric distress. RESULTS: SB was associated with anxiety trait, whereas, AB was associated with state anxiety and depression. Moreover, AB was associated with neurotic personality, whereas SB was associated with conscientiousness. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that AB and SB may present different psychological and personality-related profiles. However, longitudinal studies are needed to clarify whether these associations have etiological or clinical relevance.