Proposing Two Novel Optimization Algorithms with Consideration of Energy Storage System for Optimal Energy Management System for Microgrids

Abstract

Conventional Diesel Generators (CDGs) have traditionally been used as the main source of electricity. However, they caused an increase in harmful emissions as well as a decrease in the availability of traditional non-renewable fossil fuels. Hence, the integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) is an important and effective way to convert the system to a clean and environmentally friendly operation. However, the intermittent nature of these RERs is a challenge to be handled effectively. So, Energy Management System (EMS) is crucial for managing energy supply to the loads from many sources that have different operational natures and characteristics. In this work, two novel optimization algorithms, which are Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA) and Political Optimizer (PO), were introduced for achieving an optimal EMS for an MG containing RERs, such as Wind Turbines (WTs), Photovoltaics (PVs), and Combined Heat and Power units (CHP). Also, Energy Storage System (ESS) is included for more system’s reliability through charging while the existence of surplus power and discharge in case of deficit power. The main objective is minimizing total operational cost through optimally dispatching load among different available power sources. The problem objective is achieved while ensuring supply-load balance. The efficacy and effectiveness of proposed POA an PO were proved through obtained numerical results. They were able to reduce the total operational cost by about $25 \%$ in some cases compared to recently used optimization algorithms.