article · Nigerian Journal of Oncology
Neuroblastomas rarely affect individuals aged ten and above, accounting for fewer than ten percent of cases, and typically carry a poor prognosis in older patients. A recent clinical report documents a primary neuroblastoma arising in the left distal femur of a sixteen-year-old female who presented with pain and swelling around the knee. A definitive diagnosis was confirmed through immunohistochemistry, following which the patient received combined treatment comprising surgery and chemotherapy. Although primary neuroblastoma in the extremities, especially within long bones, is an unusual occurrence, this clinical presentation demonstrates that skeletal tissues can serve as the primary site. The management of this condition relies heavily on maintaining a high index of clinical suspicion to support early detection, alongside timely surgical intervention and chemotherapy to improve patient outcomes.
Neuroblastoma is primarily recognised as an early childhood tumour, making cases in adolescents particularly difficult to identify. Documenting that this cancer can originate directly in the long bones of older patients helps healthcare providers recognise unusual presentations earlier. Prompt identification and the coordinated use of surgery and chemotherapy are essential to improving outcomes for this typically hard-to-treat demographic.
The abstract does not indicate an application pathway, as it presents a single observational clinical case report without evaluating a proprietary diagnostic tool, therapeutic product, or medical technology.
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The incidence of neuroblastomas in individuals aged 10 and above is less than 10%. It is also associated with poor prognosis in older children and adults. This is a case report of a 16-year-old lady with pain and swelling in the left knee. The definitive diagnosis was neuroblastoma in the left distal femur after immunohistochemistry. The patient underwent surgery and chemotherapy. Extremity neuroblastoma, although rare, can occur even in long bones. High index of suspicion, early detection, appropriate surgical intervention, and chemotherapy can improve the prognosis. This report boosts the currently sparse literature on neuroblastomas in adolescents, especially with skeletal tissues as a primary site of lesion.
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DOI: 10.67579/njo.2025.jsg8ad20
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