Prevalence of Hepatitis B among Workers at Delta University

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health concern, especially for healthcare workers (HCWs) due to occupational exposure. Despite national immunization programs, HBV remains a risk factor for chronic liver disease in Egypt. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HBV among workers at Delta University, assess risk factors, and evaluate awareness and vaccination status. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2024 to February 2025 among 100 workers (60 HCWs and 40 non-HCWs) at Delta University. Participants were randomly selected, screened using HBsAg rapid tests, and completed structured questionnaires covering demographics, risk factors, and vaccination history. Results:All participants tested negative for HBsAg. Vaccination coverage was higher among HCWs (88.3%) compared to non-HCWs (52.5%). Common risk factors included dental procedures (56% HCWs, 50% non-HCWs), surgical history, and previous blood transfusion. Conclusion: Despite the absence of active HBV infections, significant gaps in vaccination coverage and exposure to risk factors—especially among non-HCWs—highlight the need for improved awareness and immunization programs targeting all occupational groups.