Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Oral Health Personnel in Zambia.

Abstract

Background and Aim. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a major occupational health concern among healthcare professionals, including oral health personnel, due to prolonged static postures, repetitive movements, and awkward working positions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of MSDs among oral health personnel in Zambia, identifying significant associations between body regions, work activities, and MSD presentation. Methods. A cross-sectional survey using a quantitative approach was conducted. Convenient random sampling was applied to recruit participants from the Dental Therapist and Assistants Society of Zambia (DTASZ) database. Those with valid email addresses and telephone numbers were invited to participate. Data were collected using a modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, with 130 valid responses analysed. Results. The twelve-month prevalence of MSDs was 93%, affecting all body parts across all ages and genders. The most affected regions were the neck (61.54%), lower back (59.23%), and wrists/hands (51.54%). Significant risk factors included prolonged standing, bending, and maintaining the same posture for extended periods. No significant relationships were found between MSDs and gender, alcohol intake, smoking, or having children. However, a strong association existed between MSDs in the neck and lower back and work-related postures. Conclusion. The findings indicate a high prevalence of MSDs among oral health personnel in Zambia, necessitating further research on workplace ergonomics and interventions to reduce occupational strain. Addressing these issues could improve health outcomes and productivity among oral health professionals.