Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Helicobacter pylori Isolated from Peptic Ulcer Patients Attending Federal University of Health Science Teaching Hospital Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Abstract

Aim of the Study: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among peptic ulcer patients attending the Federal University of Health Science Teaching Hospital, Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria. Study Design: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Location and Duration of the Study: The study involved peptic ulcer patients attending the Federal University of Health Science Teaching Hospital, Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria, from May 2024 to April 2025. Methodology: A total of 236 peptic ulcer patients were recruited for the study; a consent form and structured questionnaire were used to collect their demographic information and associated risk factors. Blood antibody testing and stool culture were used to diagnose the infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on isolates recovered from stool cultures. Results: A total of 149 participants (63.1%) were seropositive for H. pylori; 59.1% (75/127) of males and 67.9% (74/109) of females were seropositive, while 11 participants (4.7%) had positive stool cultures. The prevalence based on stool culture was 4.7% (6/127) among males and 4.6% (5/109) among females. All 11 isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The quinolones (levofloxacin and ofloxacin) showed high efficacy, whereas resistance was recorded against the cephalosporins (cefuroxime, ceftriaxone and cefixime). Conclusion: The study provides insights into the prevalence of H. pylori infection among peptic ulcer patients; the occurrence of peptic ulcer disease was significantly associated with the assessed risk factors.