article · Surfaces and Interfaces
A hydrogel nanocomposite made of carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylic acid, acrylamide, and silica nanospheres was created through free radical polymerisation. The structural, morphological, mechanical, and swelling properties of the material were thoroughly characterised using multiple analytical methods. In laboratory batch experiments, the nanocomposite was evaluated for its capacity to remove methylene blue and malachite green dyes from water across varying pH levels, contact durations, initial dye concentrations, and temperatures. The material achieved high maximum adsorption capacities of 752.9 milligrams per gram for methylene blue and 906.3 milligrams per gram for malachite green. The dye uptake process was found to be spontaneous and endothermic. Additionally, testing showed the adsorbent could be reused for at least six cycles without losing its high dye removal capability.
Discharge of industrial dyes into waterways poses severe environmental and health risks. Developing high-capacity adsorbents that can be reused multiple times offers an effective way to clean contaminated water. This study demonstrates a polymer-silica composite capable of rapidly trapping substantial quantities of common organic dyes, supporting cleaner water treatment strategies.
The material shows potential for wastewater treatment applications, particularly in industrial effluent management where synthetic dyes must be extracted. Likely users include wastewater treatment operators and industrial facilities discharging dyed effluents. Because performance has been tested only at laboratory batch scale, this technology represents early-stage research that requires pilot testing and scale-up before real-world adoption.
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In this study, carboxymethyl cellulose/acrylic acid/acrylamide/SiO 2 nanospheres (CMC/AA/AAm/SiO 2 ) hydrogel nanocomposite was synthesised using the free radical polymerization technique. The morphological and structural characteristics of the prepared hydrogel nanocomposites were studied and analysed using various techniques, including FTIR, XRD, TGA, BET, SEM, and TEM. The prepared materials' mechanical properties were assessed using DMA, while their ability to expand in an aqueous environment was tested using gravimetric measurements. The CMC/AA/AAm/SiO 2 hydrogel nanocomposites were employed as an adsorbent in batch experiments to remove methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) dyes from aqueous solutions. The investigation evaluated and enhanced the influence of several parameters on the adsorption of dye pollutants, such as the pH of the solution (2 to 10), the contact time (15 to 90 min), the initial concentration (100 to 600 mg/L), and the temperature (298.15 to 318.15 K). The pseudo-second-order model best described the experimental data, whereas the Dubinin-Radushkevich model was the best fit for isotherm models. According to the Langmuir isotherm model the hydrogel nanocomposites have shown a maximum adsorption capacity of 752.9 mg/g for MB and 906.3 mg/g for MG. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic between the adsorbent and both MB and MG dye molecules. Furthermore, the investigations on reusability demonstrated that the adsorbent maintained its high adsorption capability for both MG and MB dyes even after six cycles. Therefore, the hydrogel nanocomposites that have been created may be regarded as efficient adsorbents for removing organic dyes from wastewater.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.surfin.2024.105699
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