review · Hybrid Advances
Concrete production drives substantial carbon dioxide emissions and natural resource depletion through widespread cement manufacture. While coal fly ash has traditionally served as a cementitious additive to lessen these environmental impacts, coal shortages and stringent environmental regulations have caused fly ash supplies to decline. Biomass ash, generated from the combustion of plant and animal matter, offers a viable alternative to conventional mineral additives by improving concrete performance and reducing its ecological footprint. Despite these benefits, the deployment of biomass ash in concrete remains largely unstudied in developing countries such as Nigeria, primarily due to limited understanding of regional potential. Appropriate treatment methods can enhance the quality of biomass ash, facilitating higher incorporation levels into cement mortar and concrete for use in the construction industry.
Conventional concrete manufacturing is a primary contributor to global carbon emissions and natural resource consumption. As traditional supplementary materials like coal fly ash become scarce, finding sustainable, organic waste alternatives is essential. Understanding and processing biomass ash enables the construction sector to reduce cement reliance, lower carbon emissions, and tap into underutilised agricultural and organic residues in developing regions.
This research points to applications in sustainable construction materials, targeting concrete producers and cement mortar manufacturers. Commercial deployment appears to be at an early stage, particularly in developing markets like Nigeria where local material potential is not yet fully understood. Widespread industrial adoption depends on establishing practical treatment methods that can reliably upgrade biomass ash quality to meet construction standards.
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The broad utilization of concrete results in significant carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) and depletion of natural resources due to substantial increase in cement production. Fly ash, the waste product of coal combustion, has been used extensively as a cementitious additive in concrete to reduce the impact of cement production on the environment and also conserve the natural resources. However, the shortage in the supply of coal resulting from and stringent environmental regulations has led to a decline in fly ash production. Organic materials which are derived from plants and animals are regarded as biomass and the byproduct of biomass combustion are known as biomass ash. Several materials including biomass ash have been proposed as a sustainable alternative to fly ash in the production of concrete. Biomass ash as a supplementary cementitious material have been found to offer more advantages to traditional mineral additives improve the characteristics of concrete, decrease its environmental impact, and. In contrast, the use of biomass ash as mineral additives in concrete is largely unexplored in most developing countries, including Nigeria. This could be related to a lack of understanding of the region's biomass ash potential for such applications. The quality of concrete containing biomass ash can be greatly improved depending on the method used for its treatment, which is expected to increase interest in its use in the construction industry. Thus, there is the need for improvement in the quality of biomass ash to achieve high level of its incorporation for enhanced characteristics of cement mortar and concrete.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2023.100076
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