review · Frontiers in Plant Science
This review explores the potential of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) for managing insect pests and diseases in cool season legumes, such as faba bean, chickpea, and lentil. These legumes are crucial for food security but suffer significant yield losses from biotic stresses. While existing control methods are used, there is a need for more cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions. The research highlights the ecological importance of VOCs in plant-pest and plant-pathogen interactions, examining their current applications in pest and disease control strategies. It also emphasises the role of plant VOCs in legume farming and crop breeding, and the potential of microbial VOCs in various biological interactions for protecting food legumes.
This research is important because it explores natural, sustainable ways to protect vital food crops like beans and lentils from pests and diseases. By understanding how plants and microbes use volatile compounds, we can develop new, eco-friendly strategies to improve crop yields and ensure food security, reducing reliance on chemical pesticides.
This review identifies Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) as a promising area for developing new pest and disease control products for food legumes. Potential applications could include bio-pesticides, pest attractants or repellents, and tools for crop breeding programmes. This is early-stage research, focusing on understanding mechanisms and current applications, suggesting further development is needed to translate these findings into market-ready solutions for farmers.
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Cool season legumes (Faba bean, chickpea, lentil, pea, and grass pea) are important protein harvests for food and nutrition security in many countries. They play key roles in sustainable cereal production through their ecological benefits. However, diseases and pests attack continue to have a substantial impact on crop yield and quality. Although growers used different control options to manage these biotic stresses such as pesticide application, cultural practices, and resistant varieties, there is a pressing need for the development of new, more cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution to help farmers in facing the existing environmental issues. Recently, there is a growing interest among researchers in exploiting Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) for the elaboration of disease and pest control strategies in food legumes and other crops. These compounds have important functions in ecological relationships occurring between plants and their surrounding environment, as well as plants and others species, such as pests and pathogens. Due to their unique properties, VOCs can be employed in improving management alternatives for food legume diseases and pests. In this assessment, we investigated the role of VOCs in plant-pest and plant-pathogen interactions and their present applications in pest and diseases control strategies. We emphasized the ecological importance of employing plant VOCs in legume farming and crop breeding. Additionally, we highlighted the potential of microbial VOCs in facilitating microbe-microbe, microbe-plant and microbe-plant-pest interactions, along with their role in food legume protection.
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DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1430863
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