Postpartum Ischemic Stroke As the First Manifestation of Late-Onset Preeclampsia: A Case Report

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a severe pregnancy hypertensive disorder characterized by arterial hypertension and multiorgan involvement, most frequently affecting the renal, hepatic, and neurological systems. While its typical manifestations include headaches, visual disturbances, and/or epigastric pain, atypical presentations may occur and may lead to life-threatening complications. We report the case of a 33-year-old multiparous woman who developed sudden left-sided hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, homonymous hemianopia, and rightward conjugate gaze deviation within 24 hours after a cesarean delivery. Blood pressure was 169/103 mmHg. Laboratory tests revealed moderate anemia, elevated LDH, low haptoglobin, and significant proteinuria (4.84 g/24h). Brain MRI demonstrated ischemic lesions in the right fronto-parieto-insular cortico-subcortical regions, consistent with a subacute infarction. The diagnosis of preeclampsia complicated by ischemic stroke was established. The patient was treated with acetylsalicylic acid, levetiracetam, and antihypertensive therapy (methyldopa and nicardipine). She progressively improved and achieved full neurological recovery within six weeks. Prophylaxis with low-dose aspirin and low molecular weight heparin was recommended for future pregnancies. This case highlights the importance of considering preeclampsia as a potential underlying cause of postpartum ischemic stroke. Early recognition of neurological symptoms and timely neuroimaging are critical to prevent severe maternal morbidity.