article · Health Sciences Review
Photodynamic therapy offers a targeted approach for treating cancer and other infections by selectively destroying malignant tissues while sparing healthy cells. To enhance treatment outcomes, nanoscale therapeutic delivery frameworks are increasingly utilised. Nanoparticles serve as carriers that incorporate the essential components required for effective photodynamic operations. Developments in this field encompass diverse materials, notably inorganic nanoparticles and platforms derived from biodegradable polymers. Additionally, several dynamic nanoparticle varieties are currently under review, including those capable of upconversion, self-radiation, and photosynthesising actions. These nanoscale innovations are designed to improve the performance, precision, and delivery of therapeutic agents across various photodynamic regimens.
Targeting diseased tissues without harming surrounding healthy cells is a central challenge in treating cancer and infections. Nanoparticle carriers can enhance the precision and performance of photodynamic therapy, helping therapeutic agents reach their target more effectively. Understanding how inorganic, biodegradable, and dynamic nanoparticles function assists in developing safer, more effective treatments.
The abstract describes a review of nanoparticle technologies for cancer and infection therapies, indicating early-stage conceptual and laboratory research. Potential end users include pharmaceutical developers and nanomedicine researchers working on drug delivery systems. However, the abstract does not report clinical trials or direct commercialisation timelines, meaning these therapeutic frameworks remain at a foundational research stage rather than near practical deployment.
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One approach to treating cancer and other infections is Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). Numerous treatment modalities including PDT have long recognized the need to improve the performance of nanoscale therapeutic frameworks. Photosensitizers (Ps) are NPs used in PDT, selectively targeting malignant tissues for therapeutic effects, while sparing healthy cells. Using NPs as a carrier might be a great achievement since these NPs have all the necessary components for an ideal PDT operator. The review explores various types of NPs used in PDT. It also depicts the subsequent advancements in the use of inorganic NPs and NPs derived from biodegradable polymers. Varieties of dynamic NPs including those that upconvert, self-radiate, and photosynthesize are now under review.
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DOI: 10.1016/j.hsr.2025.100218
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