Perioperative Outcome and its Determinants among Patients with Perforated Peptic Ulcer Disease in Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: Three Years Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Abstract Background PUD is associated with potentially life-threatening complications, including bleeding, perforation, penetration, and obstruction. Perforation is the second most frequent complication after bleeding and with significant morbidity and mortality. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted by revising patient card registry data from January 2018 to December 2020 at DBCSH, and data was collected using a data extracting checklist. Logistic regression was conducted to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Adjusted odd ratios with 95% CI and P-value<0.05 were used as significant associations between dependent and independent variables. Result: Among 102 patients who were operated on during the specified period, 94 were enrolled in the study after the exclusion of 8 patients, whose charts were missing relevant information. Males outnumbered females with a ratio of 3.7:1. The mean age of patients was 37.39 ± 15.45. More than half, 56.4% of them presented late, greater than 24 hours from their initial symptoms. A total of 52 complications in 27(28.7%) patients were found. Advanced age of patients, tachycardia, and delayed presentation were found to have statistically significant associations with the development of postoperative complications (p-value < 0.05). On multivariate analysis, only age (AOR =3.56, CI=1.21, 10.45) and pre-operative stay (AOR= 3.71, CI= 1.18, 11.65) were found to have statistically significant associations (p-value <0.05) with postoperative morbidity. The post-operative hospital stay of patients with complications was significantly high as compared to those patients who didn’t develop complications (p, 0.000). Conclusion: Advanced age of patients, tachycardia, and delayed presentation, were significantly associated with the development of post-operative complications.