Periodontal Health Trajectories across Trimesters in Pregnant Women Compared to Non-pregnant Controls: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Pregnancy is significantly associated with deteriorating periodontal health and increased treatment needs, particularly in the second and third trimesters. These findings underscore the urgent need to integrate trimester-specific periodontal screening and preventive care into routine antenatal services to improve maternal oral and systemic health.